Monocrystalline solar panels are assemblies of several monocrystalline silicon solar cells arranged in a certain way on a panel. Monocrystalline silicon solar cells have a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of around 15%, with the highest reaching 24%, making them the most efficient among all types of solar cells. However, the production cost is high, preventing widespread and extensive use. Due to the use of tempered glass and waterproof resin for encapsulation, monocrystalline silicon panels are durable, with a lifespan typically ranging from 15 to 25 years. They are commonly used in the production of high-quality solar lamps and have a higher charging efficiency compared to polycrystalline solar panels.
Polycrystalline solar panels are made from polycrystalline silicon material. The irregular crystal structure of polycrystalline silicon may result in slightly lower electrical conductivity and energy conversion efficiency compared to monocrystalline silicon. However, the manufacturing cost of polycrystalline silicon is lower, making polycrystalline solar panels typically cheaper than monocrystalline ones. Their photovoltaic conversion efficiency is approximately 12%.
Appearance differentiation:
Monocrystalline solar panels: Smooth surface, deep blue color, appearing close to black after encapsulation, with rounded corners.
Polycrystalline solar panels: Textured surface with various colors, ranging from multicolored to less colorful, light blue in color.
In summary, polycrystalline silicon panels are cost-effective and widely used, while monocrystalline silicon panels are more expensive but offer higher conversion rates. Additionally, there is another type of solar panel known as thin-film modules, made of amorphous silicon. Unlike crystalline silicon cells, they have a smooth and reflective surface resembling a mirror. They offer high conversion efficiency, good performance in high temperatures and low light conditions, minimal power loss due to shading, low annual degradation rate, but relatively lower power output.
